Scientists from the University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center and collaborating institutions have found that daily blueberry supplementation may help prevent cognitive decline in adults at higher risk of dementia.
Late-life dementia typically develops gradually over many years, often beginning in midlife. Metabolic problems also tend to increase during middle age and are considered major risk factors for dementia.
Previous studies have shown that blueberry supplementation can improve cognitive performance and influence metabolism and brain function. These findings suggest blueberries may play a role in early interventions aimed at preventing dementia.
In the current study, researchers examined the effects of daily blueberry supplementation in middle-aged adults with insulin resistance and an elevated risk of dementia.
The team enrolled overweight men and women aged 50 to 65 years who reported subjective cognitive decline (SCD).
Insulin resistance occurs when the body’s cells do not respond properly to the hormone insulin, which regulates blood sugar levels. As a result, glucose accumulates in the bloodstream, potentially leading to type 2 diabetes.
Subjective cognitive decline refers to a self-reported experience of worsening memory or increased confusion. It is considered a form of early cognitive impairment and may represent one of the earliest noticeable signs of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias.
The researchers found that participants who received daily blueberry supplementation showed improvements in language skills and memory performance. They also reported fewer difficulties with memory encoding in everyday activities.
In addition, participants in the blueberry group demonstrated healthier insulin levels.
The cognitive assessments also revealed improved executive function among these middle-aged adults.
Based on these findings, the researchers suggest that middle-aged adults with insulin resistance and subjective cognitive decline may benefit from daily blueberry supplementation.
Early use of this dietary approach could potentially help protect against cognitive decline in individuals at high risk of dementia.
The study was published in the journal Nutrients and conducted by Robert Krikorian and colleagues.
