In a recent study published in JAMA Network Open, researchers found that many older Americans are still taking a daily baby aspirin to ward off first-time heart problems—despite guidelines that now discourage it.
They found that one-half to 62% of U.S. adults aged 70 and up were using low-dose aspirin to cut their risk of heart disease or stroke.
And aspirin use was common even among those with no history of heart disease—a group for whom the drug may do more harm than good.
The study is from Johns Hopkins University. One author is Dr. Rita Kalyani.
In the study, the team used data from over 7,100 U.S. adults aged 60 and up who took part in a federal health survey.
Among those in their 70s, preventive aspirin use was common: Just under 62% of people with diabetes were using aspirin, as were 48.5% of those without diabetes.
And while some participants did, in fact, have a history of heart disease, most did not. Yet, their rates of aspirin use were high. The team estimated that nearly 10 million Americans who fall into that category are using aspirin.
Current guidelines generally discourage people aged 70 and up from routinely using aspirin to prevent a first-time heart attack or stroke.
That’s because aspirin is not benign: It carries a risk of bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract or even the brain—risks that typically go up with age.
And some recent trials have failed to show that low-dose aspirin really does lower the odds of first-time heart attacks or strokes.
The team says that aspirin can benefit people with known cardiovascular disease—either clogged heart arteries or a history of heart attack or stroke.
Where things get murky is in the prevention of a first-time heart attack or stroke.
Previous guidelines came out “strongly in favor” of low-dose aspirin for people considered to be at high risk of developing heart disease in the next 10 years (because of risk factors like smoking, high blood pressure, or diabetes).
But based on recent studies, the thinking has changed.
Now, the latest guidelines from the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association say aspirin can be considered for “select” patients aged 40 to 70 who are not at increased risk of bleeding.
When it comes to older adults, the guidelines caution against “routine” aspirin use for primary prevention.
The team says that statins, which lower LDL (“bad”) cholesterol, clearly help prevent primary disease.
Many older adults on aspirin actually started taking it years ago. The team encouraged those patients to talk with their doctor about whether it’s still necessary.
If you care about heart health, please read studies about heart disease that can be found in the eyes and a new early warning sign for heart disease.
For more information about heart diseases, please see recent studies about these foods linked to high risks of heart disease and stroke and results showing that newer diabetes drug can protect kidney and heart health.
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