When you hear the words “robotic exosuit,” you might imagine something bulky, metallic, and straight out of a sci-fi movie.
But researchers at the University of Notre Dame are proving that robotic assistance doesn’t have to be rigid or heavy.
Instead, they are designing soft exosuits that are lightweight, flexible, and comfortable to wear.
Assistant Professor Margaret Coad and doctoral student Katalin Schäffer have created a soft robotic exosuit for the wrist.
Their research, recently published in IEEE Transactions on Medical Robotics and Bionics, showcases how inflatable, air-powered “muscles” can assist with movement.
Unlike traditional exoskeletons that use motors and rigid materials, this new design uses soft actuators—special airtight nylon fabric tubes that expand and contract like real muscles.
The exosuit has four actuators placed around the wrist—one in front, one in back, and one on each side.
By carefully inflating and deflating these actuators, the device helps guide wrist movements smoothly and naturally.
A custom-made software program controls the inflation process to support movement in all directions.
One of the biggest challenges with exosuits is keeping them aligned with the body’s natural movements.
This soft design avoids the discomfort and restrictions of traditional rigid exoskeletons, making it more user-friendly.
Another major advantage is its affordability—the wearable part of the suit costs only $134, a fraction of the price of existing upper-limb exoskeletons, which can cost tens of thousands of dollars.
The exosuit has already gained attention, even making its way to Washington, D.C., where Coad and Schäffer demonstrated it to U.S. Senators at the Senate Robotics Demo Day. But its biggest impact could be in healthcare, particularly for stroke survivors.
Schäffer has been studying how the device can assist in rehabilitation by improving movement and flexibility.
Because the suit is lightweight and relatively inexpensive, patients may be able to use it at home rather than relying solely on therapy visits.
This wrist-focused design is just the beginning. Coad and Schäffer are working on adapting the technology for other parts of the body, potentially helping people with soreness, stiffness, or repetitive movements.
The soft exosuit is opening new doors for robotic assistance, making it more accessible and comfortable for everyday use. As Coad puts it, “This type of muscle is not only lightweight and foldable but also powerful and fast. We’re just getting started exploring all the possibilities.”
