Paracetamol is often seen as a safer alternative to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for managing pain, particularly for people concerned about the cardiovascular risks associated with NSAIDs.
However, a recent study from the University of Edinburgh suggests that long-term use of paracetamol may not be as safe as previously thought, especially for individuals with high blood pressure.
The study found that extended use of paracetamol could lead to an increased risk of heart disease and stroke in people with high blood pressure. This raises concerns for patients who turn to paracetamol as a safer option for managing chronic pain.
Researchers examined the effects of paracetamol in a group of 110 patients with a history of high blood pressure. These patients were randomly assigned to take either one gram of paracetamol four times a day—a standard dose for managing chronic pain—or a placebo for two weeks.
The results showed a significant rise in blood pressure among participants taking paracetamol compared to those on the placebo.
This increase in blood pressure was similar to that seen with NSAIDs, suggesting that long-term use of paracetamol might raise the risk of heart disease or stroke by about 20%. These findings challenge the perception of paracetamol as a completely risk-free option for patients with cardiovascular concerns.
Given these results, the researchers emphasize the need to carefully review long-term paracetamol prescriptions for individuals at risk of heart disease or stroke, particularly those with high blood pressure.
They recommend that patients and doctors weigh the risks and benefits of using paracetamol for extended periods and, where possible, aim to use the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration.
This study highlights the importance of reconsidering how pain relief is managed for patients with underlying health conditions. Paracetamol, often regarded as the world’s most widely used medication, is not without risks—especially for those already vulnerable to cardiovascular disease.
For individuals managing chronic pain, these findings underline the importance of discussing treatment options with healthcare providers. Safer alternatives, lifestyle changes, or non-drug approaches may be worth exploring to minimize risks while addressing pain effectively.
The research, led by Iain MacIntyre and colleagues, was published in Circulation. It serves as a reminder that even commonly used medications should be used thoughtfully, particularly in patients with additional health risks.
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