Scientists from Jordan University of Science and Technology found that smokers have a lower chance of surviving a heart attack than non-smokers.
The research was presented at the annual meeting of Experimental Biology 2022 and was conducted by Said Khatib et al.
They found the levels of Alpha-1 Anti Trypsin (A1AT)—a protein in the liver that protects the body’s tissues—in smokers were “much less” than in non-smokers.
Yet, no difference was detected in people with and without high blood pressure.
Approximately 1.5 million heart attacks and strokes happen annually in the U.S., according to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention.
It is believed that A1AT could offer protection to cardiac tissue when it is released during a heart attack.
The aim of this study was to compare the plasma levels of A1AT released in smokers and non-smokers, and between hypertensive and non-hypertensive individuals after an attack.
In the study, the team tested 29 adult men and 11 adult women through blood samples drawn within one, four, 24, 48, and 96 hours of a heart attack diagnosis.
Participants were divided into four groups smokers and non-smokers, and hypertensive and non-hypertensive.
Researchers believe that maintaining appropriate levels of A1AT in smokers during a heart attack will improve their chances of survival.
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