While it’s widely known that physical fitness can improve overall health, a recent study suggests that the number of steps an individual takes each day can have a big impact on the likelihood of postoperative complications following surgery.
This research indicates that taking more than 7,500 steps daily before surgery can reduce the odds of complications within 90 days after hospital discharge by half.
The Impact of Postoperative Complications
Postoperative complications can be a significant concern for patients undergoing surgery, as they often occur after a patient has returned home.
These complications can include infections, blood clots, and wound-related issues, affecting approximately 30% of surgical patients.
Researchers analyzed data from 475 individuals participating in the All of Us Research program sponsored by the U.S. National Institutes of Health.
Participants used Fitbit wristwatch devices to record their daily steps, serving as a proxy for physical activity.
These recorded steps dated back months or even years before their surgeries, which covered various surgical specialties, from general to orthopedic and neurosurgery.
The study found that approximately 12.6% of participants experienced postoperative complications.
Those who consistently walked more than 7,500 steps daily had a 45% lower risk of complications within the first 30 days following surgery.
The Importance of Preoperative Fitness
The study reinforces the well-established connection between preoperative physical fitness and fewer complications after surgery.
Being in better physical shape before surgery can lead to better outcomes and a reduced risk of complications.
Patients who are physically fit before surgery may benefit in several ways:
Reduced Risk of Blood Clots: Physically active individuals may be more likely to move around post-surgery, reducing the risk of blood clots.
Lower Risk of Pneumonia: Active patients may take deeper breaths when moving, which can decrease the risk of pneumonia.
Improved Nutritional Status: Fitter patients often begin with better nutritional status, which is vital for healing and recovery.
Pre-habilitation, a growing concept in healthcare, involves helping patients improve their physical fitness before elective surgery to enhance outcomes.
It encompasses increasing physical activity, performing breathing exercises, and optimizing nutrition. These basic interventions can make a significant difference in a patient’s surgical experience and recovery.
Conclusion
This study highlights the importance of physical activity, measured by daily steps, in reducing postoperative complications.
Incorporating pre-habilitation strategies, such as increasing daily steps, before elective surgery can be beneficial for patients and improve overall surgical outcomes.
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