Scientists from the University of Oxford found that COVID vaccination could protect people regardless of their body weights.
The research is published in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology and was conducted by Carmen Piernas et al.
A high BMI has been associated with a lower immune response to vaccination against influenza.
In the study, researchers aimed to examine the association between BMI and COVID-19 vaccine uptake, vaccine effectiveness, and risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes after vaccination.
They used the QResearch database of general practice records and included patients aged 18 years or older in England.
Among 9 171 524 people examined, 566 461 tested positive for COVID-19 during follow-up, of whom 32 808 were admitted to hospital and 14 389 died.
About 19% of the people were unvaccinated, 3% had one vaccine dose, 53% had two doses, and 25% had three doses.
In people aged 40 years and older, uptake of two or three vaccine doses was more than 80% among people with overweight or obesity, which was a bit lower in people with underweight (70–83%).
The team found the protection against severe COVID-19 disease was similar across people with different body weights.
They suggest that there is evidence of protection against severe COVID-19 in people overweight or obese who have been vaccinated, which was of a similar magnitude to that of people of healthy weight.
Vaccine effectiveness was slightly lower in people underweight, in whom vaccine uptake was also the lowest for all ages.
These findings suggest the need to increase the vaccination rate in people with low body weights, in whom uptake is lower and vaccine effectiveness seems to be reduced.
In addition, achieving and maintaining a healthy weight should be prioritized at the population level, which could help reduce the burden of COVID-19 disease.
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