New research from the University of Edinburgh has uncovered potential risks associated with long-term use of paracetamol, a widely used painkiller. The study, led by Iain MacIntyre and published in the journal Circulation, suggests that paracetamol could increase the risk of heart disease and stroke in people with high blood pressure.
Paracetamol is often recommended as a safer alternative to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). NSAIDs, like ibuprofen, are known to raise blood pressure and increase the risk of heart problems, so paracetamol has been the go-to option for patients needing relief from chronic pain.
However, this new study shows that paracetamol may not be as harmless as once thought, particularly for individuals already at risk of cardiovascular issues.
The researchers studied 110 patients with high blood pressure. These participants were randomly assigned to take either a standard dose of paracetamol (one gram, four times a day) or a placebo, a substance with no active ingredients, for two weeks.
After the initial period, the groups switched treatments so that all participants experienced both conditions.
The results were unexpected. The patients who took paracetamol experienced a noticeable rise in their blood pressure, comparable to the increase typically seen with NSAIDs. The researchers estimated that such an increase in blood pressure could elevate the risk of heart disease or stroke by about 20%.
This discovery challenges the long-held perception of paracetamol as a completely safe option for managing chronic pain. For people with high blood pressure, the findings highlight a potential hidden risk of using the drug over long periods.
The study emphasizes the importance of re-evaluating how paracetamol is prescribed, especially for patients with conditions that already put their heart health at risk.
Doctors are encouraged to weigh the benefits and risks carefully, considering alternatives or using the lowest effective dose for the shortest duration possible.
For patients, the takeaway is clear: paracetamol, like any medication, should be used thoughtfully. While it is effective for pain relief, those with high blood pressure or other cardiovascular risks should discuss its use with their doctor to ensure they are making the safest choice.
This research from the University of Edinburgh serves as a reminder that even widely trusted drugs can have unintended effects, particularly for individuals with underlying health conditions. It underscores the importance of using medications cautiously and tailoring treatments to each patient’s specific needs.
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