A recent comprehensive review has highlighted serious concerns about the ketogenic (keto) diet, particularly for pregnant women, people with kidney disease, and those seeking long-term health benefits.
While the keto diet has gained popularity for weight loss and managing certain health conditions, researchers caution that its risks may outweigh its benefits for most people.
The keto diet is a high-fat, low-carbohydrate eating plan that encourages the body to enter a state of ketosis, where it uses fat instead of carbohydrates for energy.
While it has shown promise in managing drug-resistant epilepsy by reducing seizure frequency, researchers found little evidence to support its effectiveness for most other health claims, such as improving heart health, managing diabetes, or preventing Alzheimer’s disease.
One major concern is how the typical keto diet promotes unhealthy eating patterns. It often includes large amounts of red and processed meats, as well as saturated fats, while restricting nutrient-rich foods like vegetables, fruits, legumes, and whole grains.
This imbalance can lead to long-term health issues, including heart disease, cancer, and diabetes—the very conditions that keto is sometimes claimed to prevent.
The study also found that the keto diet poses specific risks for vulnerable groups. Pregnant women or those planning to conceive face a higher risk of neural tube defects in their babies when following low-carb diets, even if they take folic acid supplements.
Additionally, people with kidney disease could experience faster kidney failure due to the high protein content often associated with keto diets.
Another significant concern is the impact of keto on cholesterol levels. For many individuals, this diet raises LDL cholesterol, commonly referred to as “bad cholesterol,” which can increase the risk of heart disease.
Although keto may lead to short-term weight loss, the review found it is not more effective than other balanced diets for long-term weight management.
The researchers emphasize that while keto is often marketed as a miracle solution for weight loss and various health conditions, it is not a universally safe or sustainable option.
Restricting carbohydrates, a key component of a balanced diet, can have unintended consequences, including an increased reliance on foods linked to chronic diseases.
Despite its popularity, the review suggests that keto should only be considered for specific medical purposes, such as treating epilepsy in patients who do not respond to medication. Even then, it should be undertaken under medical supervision.
The findings serve as a reminder that no single diet works for everyone and that prioritizing a balanced diet rich in vegetables, fruits, whole grains, and lean proteins is crucial for long-term health.
For those considering keto for weight loss or other health reasons, consulting with a healthcare professional is essential to evaluate the risks and benefits.
This study, conducted by Lee Crosby and colleagues, was published in Frontiers in Nutrition. It offers an important perspective on the limitations and potential dangers of the keto diet, urging individuals to approach this dietary trend with caution.
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