A groundbreaking calculator, introduced in a new American Heart Association Scientific Statement, offers a more comprehensive approach to predicting cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
The PREVENT™ (Predicting Risk of cardiovascular disease EVENTs) calculator, detailed in the journal Circulation, evaluates heart attack, stroke, and heart failure risk by integrating cardiovascular, kidney, and metabolic health measures.
Key Features of the PREVENT Calculator
Inclusive Age Range and Long-Term Prediction: Unlike its predecessor, the Pooled Cohort Equations, PREVENT assesses CVD risk in individuals as young as 30 and provides both 10-year and 30-year risk estimates.
Integration of Kidney Function: Acknowledging the crucial role of kidney health in cardiovascular risk, PREVENT includes kidney function measures, offering a more nuanced risk assessment.
Incorporation of Metabolic Health: Reflecting the link between metabolic health and CVD, PREVENT uses hemoglobin A1C levels, if necessary, to gauge blood sugar control and its impact on heart disease risk.
Heart Failure Risk Evaluation: PREVENT uniquely predicts heart failure risk, a critical consideration in the context of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic (CKM) syndrome.
Race-Free Calculations: Moving away from race-based risk models, PREVENT focuses on personalized risk assessment without racial categorization. It also optionally uses the Social Deprivation Index to factor in social determinants of health.
Impact and Application
This innovative risk calculator is designed to prompt more informed discussions between healthcare professionals and patients about CKM health status and CVD risk.
The tool aims to translate risk awareness into proactive health and lifestyle modifications, potentially including medication.
Development and Validation
Developed using data from over 6 million diverse U.S. adults, PREVENT is designed to be broadly representative and applicable to the general adult population.
It uses common primary care screening tests for input, making it practical for widespread clinical use.
Future Directions
The PREVENT calculator marks a significant advancement in CVD risk assessment, considering a broader range of factors than previous models. It is poised to play a pivotal role in early intervention and preventive efforts, especially among younger individuals.
The tool’s development aligns with the goal of more equitable preventive care and acknowledges the need for ongoing research into the social and causal factors influencing racial differences in CVD risks and outcomes.
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