A recent study by researchers at Columbia University’s Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons found that gastric bypass surgery could be the most effective strategy for treating type 2 diabetes over a five-year period, regardless of the severity of the patient’s condition.
This research is the first to consider the severity of diabetes in comparing gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy, the two most popular forms of bariatric surgery in the United States.
About the Study
The researchers, led by Dr. Chin Hur, used data from previous studies and databases to create a model for evaluating the effectiveness, quality of life improvements, costs, and complications of gastric bypass, sleeve gastrectomy, and medical therapy in patients over a five-year period.
About the Procedures
Gastric bypass surgery is a more complex procedure than sleeve gastrectomy, and previous studies show it has more associated complications.
Gastric bypass involves creating a small pouch in the stomach that is connected to the small intestine, enabling food to bypass much of the stomach and some of the small intestine. This results in less food being ingested and absorbed.
Sleeve gastrectomy, on the other hand, involves permanently reducing the stomach to about one quarter of its original size without creating a bypass.
Key Findings
According to the new analysis, gastric bypass surgery leads to more significant weight loss and a higher rate of remission of diabetes than sleeve gastrectomy or medical therapy, which includes lifestyle counseling and medication.
The researchers project that gastric bypass surgery could yield the best results irrespective of diabetes severity.
Dr. Hur said, “Determining which groups may benefit from a specific strategy is an important step toward personalized medicine.”
He added, “Our study suggests that in most cases, gastric bypass is the preferred strategy when looking at a five-year time frame, despite higher upfront surgical costs and complications, and becomes even more cost-effective when considered over 10 or 30 years.”
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The study was published in JAMA Network Open.
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