Heart failure is a serious health problem where the heart can’t pump blood as well as it should.
It doesn’t mean the heart has stopped completely, but it means it can’t keep up with the body’s need for oxygen and nutrients.
For people who are at risk—or for their families—knowing the early signs can help them get medical help sooner. This can save lives and improve long-term health.
Heart failure can affect the left side, the right side, or both sides of the heart. Depending on which part is affected, symptoms may look different. But in all cases, spotting these signs early can make a big difference.
One major sign is shortness of breath. This may happen during daily activities or even while resting. Many people also find it hard to breathe when lying down. This is because fluid can build up in the lungs. If someone feels breathless for no clear reason, they should see a doctor as soon as possible.
Another common symptom is swelling, also called edema. This swelling usually happens in the legs, ankles, feet, or belly. It’s caused by fluid leaking out of blood vessels when the heart isn’t pumping well. If the swelling appears suddenly or doesn’t go away, it’s important to get checked by a healthcare provider.
Sudden weight gain is also a warning sign. If a person gains several pounds over just a few days without changing how much they eat, it could be due to fluid building up in the body. This is often a sign that heart failure is getting worse. Watching for changes in weight and telling a doctor can help catch problems early.
Feeling tired or weak all the time is another symptom. When the heart can’t pump enough blood, the body’s muscles and organs don’t get the energy they need. This leads to a constant feeling of exhaustion, even after rest.
A cough or wheezing that doesn’t go away may also be a sign of heart failure. If the cough produces pink or white mucus, or gets worse at night or when lying down, it could be due to fluid in the lungs. This should not be ignored.
Some people may notice their heart beating faster or harder than usual. These heart palpitations are the body’s way of trying to keep up by beating faster. A racing or fluttering heartbeat can be a sign that the heart is struggling and needs medical attention.
Feeling sick to the stomach or losing appetite can also be signs of heart failure. When fluid builds up around the stomach or liver, it can make digestion harder. This might not seem like a heart issue, but it can be a clue that something is wrong.
In later stages, people might feel confused or have trouble remembering things. This can happen when the brain doesn’t get enough blood and oxygen. These signs are serious and should not be brushed off as just getting older.
Catching these signs early can lead to better care and fewer trips to the hospital. Treatments for heart failure work best when started early. So, if you or someone you know is showing any of these symptoms, don’t wait—talk to a doctor.
Knowing what to watch for—like shortness of breath, swelling, weight gain, tiredness, and more—can help people get the help they need before the condition gets worse. Heart failure is serious, but with early treatment, many people can live longer and feel better.
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