Some diabetes drugs may increase risk of sudden cardiac arrest

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When we talk about heart health for people with type 2 diabetes, the advice usually includes eating better, exercising more, and managing blood sugar.

But a recent study presented at a major medical meeting in Germany has revealed some surprising new risks for sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) in people with diabetes—especially those who don’t already have heart disease.

Sudden cardiac arrest is a serious condition where the heart suddenly stops pumping blood. It’s life-threatening and responsible for many heart-related deaths, especially in wealthier countries. People with type 2 diabetes are already twice as likely to experience SCA, so understanding all the risk factors is vital.

Researchers from Amsterdam UMC in the Netherlands studied 3,919 people with type 2 diabetes living in the Noord-Holland region. Out of this group, 689 had suffered from sudden cardiac arrest between 2010 and 2019. The team looked at the health records of both those who had and had not experienced SCA to find patterns and risk factors.

One of the most important discoveries involved medications. Several drugs that are commonly prescribed—such as certain antibiotics, antipsychotic medications, and drugs for stomach issues—were linked to a higher risk of SCA.

These include macrolide antibiotics and the antipsychotic drug haloperidol. These medications can interfere with the heart’s electrical system by extending the QT interval, which is the time your heart needs to reset between beats. This can make the heart more vulnerable to problems like sudden cardiac arrest.

Another surprising finding was related to blood sugar levels. While it’s important for people with diabetes to manage their blood sugar, the study showed that very low fasting blood sugar levels were linked to a 150% increase in the risk of SCA—even in people without any history of heart disease. This challenges the idea that lower blood sugar is always better.

The researchers also found that people with existing heart problems were more likely to suffer from SCA if they had other issues like albuminuria (a sign of kidney trouble) or heart failure. This shows how kidney and heart health are closely linked, especially in people with diabetes.

So, what does this mean if you have type 2 diabetes? First, it’s important to speak with your doctor about all the medications you’re taking. Some might increase your risk of heart problems, even if they’re necessary for treating other health issues.

Second, make sure your blood sugar levels are managed safely—not too high, but also not too low. Third, regular checks of your kidney and heart health can help spot problems early.

For doctors, the study is a reminder that treating diabetes isn’t just about controlling blood sugar. It’s also about looking at the full picture—including heart and kidney health, medication risks, and less obvious warning signs like low fasting glucose.

In short, this study encourages a broader approach to diabetes care. By looking beyond just blood sugar, both patients and doctors can take steps to prevent serious complications like sudden cardiac arrest.

This important research was presented at the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) Annual Meeting in Hamburg, Germany.

If you care about diabetes, please read studies about How to choosing the right fruits for type 2 diabetes and findings of New higher dose diabetes drug promises better blood sugar control and weight loss.

For more about diabetes, please read studies about The hidden connection between cancer and diabetes uncovered and findings of Scientists find the best way to help people with diabetes lose weight.

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