A new study warns that rising temperatures across Australia could dramatically increase mental health problems by 2050.
Researchers from the University of Adelaide say that extreme heat could raise the burden of mental and behavioral disorders (MBDs) by nearly 50%—a sharp increase that highlights the urgent need for action as the climate warms.
The study, published in Nature Climate Change, shows that hot weather already has a significant effect on mental health.
Each year, high temperatures contribute to the loss of over 8,400 disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) across Australia.
That’s a way scientists measure how illness affects both lifespan and quality of life.
These losses account for almost 2% of the total impact of mental and behavioral disorders nationwide.
Young people between the ages of 15 and 44 are especially vulnerable. According to the researchers, most of the health loss in this age group is due to ongoing mental health challenges that are made worse by heat.
Professor Peng Bi, the study’s lead author, said that climate change is already harming emotional well-being, and the problem will only grow worse unless we act.
Mental and behavioral disorders include a wide range of conditions, such as anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and substance use issues.
“From mild stress to serious conditions like schizophrenia, rising heat is making life more difficult for millions,” Professor Bi said.
The researchers used data from the Australian Burden of Disease database to explore how temperature affects mental health across different regions.
They found that hotter parts of the country—especially closer to the equator—face higher risks.
For example, the Northern Territory showed the highest predicted risk related to heat, while South Australia and Victoria had the largest share of mental health burden linked to high temperatures.
First author Dr. Jingwen Liu explained that climate change will increase mental health challenges more than population growth alone would.
“Young people are especially at risk because they often experience mental health problems early in life—and climate change is making it worse,” she said.
The researchers are calling for urgent action. They recommend that governments and communities create heat-health action plans to support those most affected.
This includes preparing health care systems for rising demand, offering community programs, creating green spaces, and focusing on vulnerable groups.
Professor Bi emphasized the need for people-focused strategies. “Policymakers must take the lead to protect mental health as temperatures rise,” he said. “This isn’t just a health issue—it’s about building stronger, more resilient communities for the future.”
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Source: University of Adelaide.
