A major study spanning 17 years and involving over 730,000 people has provided new insights into the safety of two widely used blood pressure medications: chlorthalidone and hydrochlorothiazide.
Researchers at Columbia Universityfound that while both drugs effectively lower blood pressure and help prevent heart attacks, strokes, and heart failure, chlorthalidone comes with higher risks of side effects.
The most concerning side effect linked to chlorthalidone is low potassium levels, a condition called hypokalemia. Potassium is essential for heart and muscle function, and severe potassium loss can lead to irregular heartbeats, confusion, kidney problems, and even type 2 diabetes.
The study found that 6.3% of patients on chlorthalidone developed hypokalemia, compared to just 1.9% of those taking hydrochlorothiazide—making the risk three times higher. Additionally, people on chlorthalidone had greater chances of electrolyte imbalances and kidney issues, even at lower doses.
These findings have raised important questions about whether chlorthalidone should remain a first-choice medication for high blood pressure. Doctors may need to monitor patients on this drug more closely or consider alternative treatments.
Managing high blood pressure is crucial since it affects millions worldwide and can lead to serious health issues if left untreated.
While medication plays a key role, lifestyle changes such as eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, reducing alcohol, quitting smoking, and managing stress are also vital. Home blood pressure monitoring can further help patients stay on top of their health.
This research, led by Dr. George Hripcsak and published in JAMA Internal Medicine, highlights the importance of personalized treatment plans. It serves as a valuable guide for both doctors and patients, emphasizing the need to balance medication benefits with potential risks.
With more research, healthcare providers can continue improving blood pressure treatments to ensure both effectiveness and safety.
If you care about heart health, please read studies about top foods to love for a stronger heart, and why oranges may help fight obesity, diabetes, and heart disease.
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