A new device that uses ultrasound to calm overactive nerves in the kidneys could help some people with high blood pressure who struggle to manage their condition with lifestyle changes and medications alone.
High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, is a common health issue that increases the risk of serious conditions such as heart failure, strokes, heart attacks, and kidney damage. While many people can control their blood pressure with healthy habits and medicine, about one-third of patients still have difficulty keeping it at a safe level.
Researchers have been testing a procedure called ultrasound renal denervation, which involves using ultrasound energy to target nerves in the renal arteries (the blood vessels supplying the kidneys).
These nerves can contribute to high blood pressure by causing the body to retain too much salt and water and by triggering the release of hormones that raise blood pressure. The new device works by reducing the activity of these nerves, which may help lower blood pressure.
In a study led by researchers from Columbia University, scientists analyzed data from more than 500 middle-aged patients across three different studies. These participants had varying levels of high blood pressure, and some were taking medication while others were not.
The results showed that patients who received the ultrasound therapy experienced an average reduction of 8.5 points in their daytime blood pressure readings. This improvement was seen as early as one month after the procedure. Additionally, twice as many patients in the treatment group reached their target blood pressure compared to those in the placebo (sham) group.
Although the results are promising, this treatment is still in the testing phase. It has not yet been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for general use outside of clinical trials. Researchers expect that, if approved, it would be used alongside traditional treatments like medication and lifestyle adjustments rather than replacing them.
For people whose blood pressure remains too high despite following a healthy diet, exercising, and taking prescribed medications, this therapy could provide an additional option to reduce the risk of severe health problems.
The study, conducted by Dr. Ajay Kirtane and his team, was published in JAMA Cardiology.
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