A recent discovery from Linköping University in Sweden has revealed a surprising fact about licorice: even small amounts can raise blood pressure. This adds a new concern to the well-known bittersweet nature of this popular treat.
While many people enjoy its unique flavor, the study found that some individuals experience not just a slight rise in blood pressure but also signs of added strain on the heart.
Licorice comes from the root of the Glycyrrhiza plant and has been used for centuries both as a sweet flavoring and a herbal remedy. However, it contains a natural compound called glycyrrhizic acid, which can interfere with the body’s ability to regulate fluids.
This happens because glycyrrhizic acid affects certain kidney enzymes, leading to higher sodium levels and lower potassium levels. As a result, blood pressure can rise, increasing the risk of heart disease and other health problems.
Health organizations like the European Union and the World Health Organization have suggested that up to 100 mg of glycyrrhizic acid per day is generally safe.
However, studies show that about 5% of Swedes consume more than this recommended amount, raising concerns about potential health effects. The latest research set out to investigate whether this so-called “safe” level is actually risk-free.
The study, published in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, involved 28 healthy adults between the ages of 18 and 30. The participants were divided into two groups and tested over two separate periods.
One group ate licorice containing 100 mg of glycyrrhizic acid, while the other consumed a similar product that included salmiak (a salty licorice ingredient) but no actual licorice extract. After a two-week break, the groups switched, allowing the researchers to compare the effects within each person.
Participants measured their blood pressure daily at home, and researchers carried out additional tests at the end of each period. These tests included checking hormone levels, monitoring salt balance, and assessing how hard the heart was working.
The results were striking. Even at the “safe” level of 100 mg of glycyrrhizic acid, participants experienced an average blood pressure increase of 3.1 mmHg.
Additionally, there was a decrease in the hormones renin and aldosterone, which help regulate fluid balance. Some participants also gained weight due to fluid retention and had increased levels of NT-proBNP, a marker that indicates the heart is under stress.
These findings challenge the idea that small amounts of licorice are harmless. The results suggest that some people are more sensitive to glycyrrhizic acid than others, and even a moderate intake could raise blood pressure and strain the heart. This is especially concerning for those who already have high blood pressure or are at risk of developing it.
Because the amount of glycyrrhizic acid in licorice products varies and is often not listed on packaging, researchers are calling for clearer labeling and more public awareness. These results also highlight the importance of paying attention to diet and its impact on heart health.
For those concerned about high blood pressure, it may be helpful to explore other dietary factors that affect it. Research suggests that foods high in potassium, such as bananas, potatoes, and leafy greens, can help lower blood pressure. Vitamins and minerals also play a role in maintaining healthy circulation.
While licorice is a beloved treat for many, this study serves as a reminder that even natural foods can have unexpected effects on health. If you enjoy licorice, it may be worth checking how much you consume—especially if you have concerns about blood pressure.
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