Researchers from the University of Gothenburg have found that many individuals with high blood pressure, or hypertension, may require more intensive treatment to reduce their risk of heart attacks, strokes, and premature death.
Hypertension is a major global health issue and the leading preventable cause of illness and death.
In Sweden, more than a quarter of adults suffer from hypertension, which significantly raises the risk of severe conditions such as heart attacks (myocardial infarction) and strokes. The researchers conducted several studies to understand how different blood pressure levels affect these risks, especially in older adults.
In one study, the team looked at older patients with hypertension who had no prior history of heart attacks or strokes.
They found that those with systolic blood pressure (SBP) below 130 mmHg had a 40% lower risk of heart attacks or strokes compared to those with SBP between 130-139 mmHg. This suggests that maintaining lower blood pressure can significantly reduce the risk of these severe cardiovascular events.
Another study focused on patients with atrial fibrillation who were on blood-thinning medications. It found that patients with a systolic blood pressure range of 140-179 mmHg had twice the risk of hemorrhagic stroke compared to those with an SBP of 130-139 mmHg.
This emphasizes the importance of keeping blood pressure within a safer range to prevent hemorrhagic strokes, particularly in patients already at risk due to atrial fibrillation.
A third study, which included data from 259,753 patients, revealed that nine out of ten patients had either poor blood pressure control, high blood lipids (cholesterol), or were smokers. This widespread lack of proper hypertension management leads to a high number of heart attacks, strokes, and premature deaths.
The researchers concluded that a significant number of people in Sweden are at risk due to insufficiently treated hypertension. They recommend that most patients with high blood pressure should lower their blood pressure and blood lipid levels, either through additional medications or lifestyle changes, to mitigate these risks.
Proper treatment and management of hypertension are crucial to preventing dangerous illnesses and premature death. Ensuring that blood pressure and cholesterol levels are kept in check can dramatically reduce the risk of severe health complications.
The studies led by Johan-Emil Bager and his team, published in Brain and Behavior and other journals, highlight the urgent need for better hypertension management.
This involves not just medication but also encouraging lifestyle changes such as healthier diets, regular exercise, and smoking cessation. By prioritizing these measures, we can improve health outcomes and save lives.
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