People with diabetes are at an increased risk of developing dementia, a condition that affects memory and cognitive function.
A recent study, however, offers some hope.
According to research conducted in Korea, pioglitazone, a drug commonly used to treat type 2 diabetes, may also reduce the risk of dementia.
The Study: A 10-Year Journey
The study followed over 91,000 people in Korea who were newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and were dementia-free at the outset.
The participants were monitored for approximately 10 years. Some participants were given pioglitazone, while others were not.
Key Findings: A Significant Reduction
The results were promising. About 8.3% of individuals taking pioglitazone developed dementia, compared to 10.0% among those who did not take the drug.
This amounts to a 16% reduced risk of developing dementia for those taking pioglitazone.
The longer people took the drug, the lower their risk: those on pioglitazone for four years had a 37% lower risk, and even just one to two years of usage resulted in a 22% risk reduction.
Additional Benefits: Beyond Dementia
The study also pointed out that pioglitazone reduced the risk of stroke—a significant finding given that individuals with diabetes are more susceptible to strokes.
Interestingly, the study found that individuals with a history of ischemic heart disease or stroke saw even greater benefits from pioglitazone.
The risk of dementia was reduced by 54% for those with ischemic heart disease and by 43% for those with a history of stroke.
Considerations: Not a Silver Bullet Yet
While the study is promising, it’s crucial to note that it only demonstrates an association between pioglitazone use and reduced dementia risk.
It doesn’t prove causation. Also, pioglitazone comes with its own set of side effects, such as weight gain and swelling, which need to be evaluated in the context of its potential benefits.
Future Research: Questions that Remain
Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and explore the optimal dosing to minimize side effects while maximizing benefits.
As the study was observational in nature, randomized controlled trials would provide stronger evidence for causality.
While these findings are preliminary, they offer hope for people with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes who are also at risk for dementia.
As always, consult your healthcare provider before making any medication changes.
This study, published in the journal Neurology, adds to the growing body of knowledge aimed at improving the lives of people with diabetes and dementia alike.
If you care about dementia, please read studies about low choline intake linked to higher dementia risk, and how eating nuts can affect your cognitive ability.
For more information about brain health, please see recent studies that blueberry supplements may prevent cognitive decline, and results showing higher magnesium intake could help benefit brain health.
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