High blood pressure affects one in ten adults across the globe and increases the risk of heart attack and stroke.
In a recent study from Imperial College London, scientists found that a type of blood pressure-lowering medication, called a calcium-channel blocker, may be linked with a higher risk of a type of bowel condition called diverticulosis.
This condition causes small bulges or pouches to appear in the lining of the intestine.
This gut problem particularly affects the elderly (as many as 65% of those over 85s may be affected), and it can in some cases lead to a medical emergency if the pouches become infected or burst.
In the study, the team examined the effectiveness and side effects of three common blood pressure medications: ACE-inhibitors, beta-blockers, and calcium channel blockers.
The most common treatments for high blood pressure are lifestyle changes and medications.
However, despite the three main medications being taken by millions, testing their potential side effects (as well as studying their effectiveness for treating other diseases), can be difficult and often involves lengthy and expensive clinical trials.
To overcome this problem, the team used genetic analyses to study the effects of the drugs.
By checking versions of genes that mimic the effects of these drugs, the team was able to study the drugs’ effectiveness — and their potential side effects.
First, identified the proteins targeted by the drugs, which help lower blood pressure.
Next, they analyzed genetic data from around 750,000 people and identified the so-called genetic variants that code for these proteins.
The team then studied whether these gene variants — which cause increased production of these proteins — were linked to an increased or decreased risk of other diseases.
The good news was that, as expected, these so-called genetic variants (which coded for proteins involved in lowering blood pressure) were linked to lower heart disease and stroke risk.
However, after assessing the risk of around 900 different diseases, the team found that the versions of genes related to the effects of a particular type of calcium channel blocker — the non-dihydropyridine class, were linked to an increased risk of a bowel condition called diverticulosis.
The team compared their findings with further genetic data and supported the potential link with an increased risk of bowel condition.
This is the first time that this class of blood pressure drug has been linked to diverticulosis.
The team says it may relate to effects on the function of intestine muscles, which perform contractions to transport food through the gut.
If you care about high blood pressure, please read studies about an important but ignored cause of high blood pressure, and why people with high blood pressure more likely to have severe COVID-19.
For more information about high blood pressure, please see recent studies that black licorice could cause dangerous high blood pressure, and results showing cinnamon could help lower high blood pressure.
The study was published in Circulation and conducted by Dr. Dipender Gill et al.
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