Scientists from the National University of Ireland Galway found that which risk factors are linked to the risk of developing dementia may vary with age.
They found that among people around age 55, the risk of developing dementia over the next 10 years was increased in those with diabetes and high blood pressure.
For people around 65 years old, the risk was higher in those with heart disease, and for those in their 70s, diabetes and stroke.
For 80-year-olds, the risk of developing dementia was increased in those with diabetes and a history of stroke, while taking blood pressure medications decreased the risk.
The research is published in Neurology and was conducted by Emer R. McGrath et al.
In the study, the team looked at data from the Framingham Heart Study, including 4,899 people at about age 55 years, 2,386 of whom remained dementia-free and had data available at around age 80.
Starting at age 65, the participants were followed to see who developed dementia.
The team found that people who had diabetes when they were 55 years old were over four times more likely to later develop dementia than people who did not have diabetes at that age.
And 55-year-olds with high blood pressure were more likely to develop dementia, with the risk increasing by about 12% for every 10-point increase in systolic blood pressure, which is the top number in the reading.
People who had heart disease when they were 65 years old were nearly twice as likely to later develop dementia as those who did not have those conditions. This could include a heart attack or other heart conditions, but not stroke.
People in their 70s who had diabetes and stroke were more likely to develop dementia. For 80-year-olds, people who had a stroke or diabetes were about 40% to 60% more likely to develop dementia.
The team says dementia is a complicated disease and risk prediction scores need to be tailored to the individual.
These findings support the use of age-specific risk prediction scores for dementia instead of a one-size-fits-all approach.
If you care about dementia, please read studies about health issues that could double your dementia risk, and your walking speed may show your dementia and depression risks.
For more information about brain health, please see recent studies about how to use a healthy lifestyle to prevent dementia, and results showing COVID-19 may cause Alzheimer’s disease-like dementia.
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