Scientists from Massachusetts General Hospital found that genetic risk and diet quality are independently linked to type 2 diabetes; a healthy diet is linked to lower diabetes risk across all levels of genetic risk.
The research is published in PLOS Medicine and was conducted by Jordi Merino et al.
Previous studies have shown that adherence to a healthy lifestyle is associated with reduced risk of type 2 diabetes across genetic profiles, but whether genetic profiles, in part, interact with lifestyle factors was unclear.
In the study, the team examined more than 35,000 US adults.
In the study, researchers analyzed data from three extensive cohort studies, including 35,759 U.S. health professionals.
The team found that, irrespective of genetic risk, a low diet quality, as compared to high diet quality, was linked to a 30% increased risk of type 2 diabetes.
The joint association of low diet quality and increased genetic risk was similar to the sum of the risk for each factor alone, further supporting independent associations.
The team says this study provided evidence that the risk of type 2 diabetes attributed to increased genetic risk and low diet quality is similar to the sum of the risks linked to each factor alone.
Such knowledge could serve to inform and design future strategies to advance the prevention of diabetes.
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