Marijuana may be too strong for pain relief, bringing health risks

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In a new study, researchers found that more than 90% of the legal marijuana products offered in medical dispensaries are much stronger than what doctors recommend for chronic pain relief.

To many, that may seem like a good thing, but just the opposite is true.

The research was conducted by a team at Wake Forest Baptist Health.

The team says high-potency products should not have a place in the medical realm because of the high risk of developing cannabis-use disorders, which are related to exposure to high THC-content products.

Several earlier studies showed that levels of up to 5% tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) – the main psychoactive compound in marijuana that provides pain relief as well as intoxication—were sufficient to reduce chronic pain with minimal side effects.

The goal of this study was to evaluate the advertised THC and CBD content of legal cannabis products to determine their suitability for medicinal use and to compare the potency of the products offered in medical and recreational programs.

The researchers recorded the concentrations of THC and cannabidiol (CBD) – the non-euphoric compound in marijuana—in all plant cannabis products provided by legal dispensary websites and compared them between or within the states in the study: California, Colorado, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Mexico, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Washington.

A total of 8,505 cannabis products across 653 dispensaries were sampled.

The team found that most of the products offered in the medical dispensaries in the study had more than 10% THC and that many had 15% or more, the same as what is available in products at recreational dispensaries.

This is problematic because between 60% and 80% of people who use medical marijuana use it for pain relief.

The higher the concentration of THC the greater risk, not only for developing a dependency, but also for developing tolerance more quickly, which means higher and higher concentrations might be needed to get the same level of pain relief.

The team says better regulation of the potency of medical marijuana products is critical.

The FDA regulates the level of over-the-counter pain medications such as ibuprofen that have dose-specific side effects, and people need policies and regulations for cannabis, something that is far more dangerous.

The lead author of the study is Alfonso Edgar Romero-Sandoval, M.D., Ph.D., associate professor of anesthesiology at Wake Forest School of Medicine.

The study is published in PLOS ONE.

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