In a new study, researchers found using a heating pad overnight may benefit people with supine hypertension.
This is a condition that causes their blood pressure to increase when they lie down including during sleep.
The research was conducted by a team from Vanderbilt University Medical Center.
Supine hypertension is present in about half of people with autonomic failure, a chronic degenerative disease that affects the part of the nervous system that regulates involuntary functions such as blood pressure and heart rate.
Overnight increases in blood pressure are associated with damage to the heart and kidneys.
It can also increase urine production, which can worsen a condition where a person’s blood pressure rapidly drops upon standing, such as when first getting out of bed in the morning.
In the study, the team studied 10 patients with autonomic failure and supine hypertension.
The average age of the study participants was 76 years, with a systolic (upper number) blood pressure of 168 mm Hg measured in the lying position.
During the two-night study, participants received heat at 100 degrees Fahrenheit from a medical-grade heating pad placed under their torso on one night, and an unheated pad on the other.
Supine blood pressure was monitored every two hours from 8 p.m. to 8 a.m., and heat therapy was applied from 10 p.m. to 6 a.m.
The researchers found that heat therapy applied during sleep decreased systolic blood pressure, with a maximum reduction of 30 mm Hg after four hours of heat.
Despite lowering overnight systolic blood pressure, heat therapy did not decrease nighttime urine production or improve the sudden drop in morning blood pressure.
The team says in many patients with autonomic failure, heat exposure decreases blood pressure by shifting blood to skin vessels.
The use of local, controlled heat therapy may be a novel and simple approach to treat supine hypertension in these patients without using medications; however, additional studies are needed to assess the long-term safety and efficacy of this approach.
The lead author of the study is Luis E. Okamoto, M.D., a research assistant professor of medicine at Vanderbilt University Medical Center.
The study was presented at the American Heart Association’s Hypertension 2019 Scientific Sessions.
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